Abstract:Following the completion of the Uruguay Round and the institution of the World Trade Organization, Egypt has undertaken negotiation of a free trade agreement with the European Union. This paper examines the potential impact of these developments on the pharmaceutical sector in Egypt, focusing on the TRIPs and EU agreements, and seeks to draw conclusions […]
Abstract:The Government of Egypt has for some time been pursuing economic reform, which has led to great improvement in macroeconomic indicators. The supply response by the private sector, however, in terms of investment in productive resources and employment creation, has been limited. This may be due to uncertainty regarding the reversibility of reform, or because […]
Abstract: This paper addresses question about Egyptian service industries that arise in the context of the proposed Egypt-EU trade agreement. Will Egyptian service industries- particularly financial service – be able to cope with liberalization? What are the potential gains from such liberalization, and to what extent do inefficient service impose a burden on Egyptian firms […]
Abstract Saving is critical for economic growth. Yet there is general agreement that savings follows growth. The question addressed in this paper is whether and how much additional savings can be generated from privatization and other reforms of the public enterprise sector.The paper argues that public enterprise reform can enhance national savings because it leads […]
Abstract Morocco and Tunisia have both recently signed comprehensive integration agreements with the European Union (EU). These agreements consist of increased aid and technical assistance from the EU, in exchange for reductions in trade barriers over a period of 12 years on the p art of Morocco and Tunisia. The agreements are part of a […]
Abstract: This paper contrasts regional preferential economic agreements of the traditional sort with those that have emerged in recent years. In addition, it assesses the implications of the Euro-Med initiatives for the Middle East.The paper argues that the new preferential trade agreements (PTAs) have the potential to generate greater economic growth impacts than traditional free […]
Abstract: This paper examines the economic and political incentives for regional integration, focusing, from an Egyptian perspective, on whether the preferential trade agreements with the EU will stimulate trade liberalization in the Middle East and North Africa and serve to promote trade within the region itself, particularly with the Israeli/Palestinian/Jordanian triad. It also assesses current […]
Abstract: Reusing returning water provides Egypt with a solution to the detrimental effect of water shortage on its economic development. However, the degraded quality of returning water creates a serious environmental hazard which subsequently limits its reuse. Several legislative and institutional measures have been taken to enhance the quality of returning water and conserve the […]
Abstract: The Agreement under negotiation between Egypt and the EU will affect the industrial sector and the rest of the Egyptian Economy in a significant way. It will entail phasing out tariffs on Egyptian imports from the EU-form which Egypt imports about half of its total inports-to zero over a 12-year period. The paper explores […]
Abstract: The Arab countries spend more public resources on education than any region in the world, but the outcome in terms of human resource development is one of the poorest, especial ly relative to their income level. This paper explores four possible hypotheses to explain this paradox: (i) social indicators in the oil exporters are […]